San Gimignano, Italy
The mask of infamy brings about two different inflictions: a spiritual one and a physical one. The victims were both staked out to public ridicule and at the same time they were physically tortured. The masks sometimes had inner devices, such as a ball, which were forced into the victim's nose or into the mouth, thus preventing him or her from wailing and shrieking.
The mask with long ears represented a silly ass person, while the one with a snout or with a pig face symbolizes the animal being considered dirty.